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“In this study, alkaline lignin (AL), dealkaline lignin (DAL), and lignin sulfonate (SL) were liquefied in phenol with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) or hydrochloric

acid (HCl) as the catalyst. EPZ004777 nmr The phenol-liquefied lignins were used as raw materials to prepare resol-type phenol-formaldehyde resins (PF) by reacting with formalin under alkaline conditions. The results show that phenol-liquefied lignin-based PF resins had shorter gel time at 135 degrees C and had lower exothermic peak temperature during DSC heat-scanning than that of normal PF resin. The thermo-degradation of cured phenol-liquefied lignin-based PF resins was divided into four temperature regions, similar to the normal PF resin. When phenol-liquefied lignin-based PF resins were used for manufacturing plywood, most of them had the dry, warm water soaked, and repetitive boiling water soaked bonding strength fitting in the request of CNS 1349 BTSA1 chemical structure standard for Type 1 plywood. (c) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011″
“Limited evidence is available on the safety

and efficacy of anticoagulants in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with concomitant hypertension. We investigated the safety and efficacy of 476 consecutive anticoagulated Chinese outpatients with non-valvular AF and hypertension. Occurrence of ischaemic stroke and major bleeding, and international normalized ratio (INR) values during these events were recorded. There was no significant difference in anticoagulation control between patients with or without hypertension. INR-specific incidence rates of the events were calculated, which showed no excessive risk for ischaemic stroke (2.5 vs 1.6% per year, P = 0.22) or major bleeding (3.9 vs 3.2% per year, P = 0.29) in non-valvular AF patients with or without hypertension. In multivariate analysis, congestive heart failure, smoking and high CHADS2 score were independent predictors for ischaemic stroke, whereas

use of antiplatelet agents was an independent predictor for bleeding. It can be noted that hypertension was not associated with ischaemic stroke PF-00299804 supplier or major bleeding. Hypertensive patients who achieved target blood pressure control (<130/80 mm Hg) had a lower ischaemic stroke (0.9 vs 3.1% per year, P = 0.01), but similar bleeding risk compared with those not achieving target blood pressure. Our findings demonstrate the effects of hypertension on the outcomes of warfarin therapy; further investigation is needed to clarify whether more aggressive antihypertensive therapy could result in better outcomes in hypertensive patients with non-valvular AF. Journal of Human Hypertension (2011) 25, 304-310; doi:10.1038/jhh.2010.57; published online 1 July 2010″
“A tuberculous spinal epidural abscess is seen rarely as a late complication of Pott’s disease or in immunocompromised patients. Such abscesses in isolation are rare indeed and very uncommon in the developed and developing world.

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