The properties and the statistics of the genome are summarized in Tables 3 and and44. Table 3 Nucleotide content and gene count levels of the genome Table 4 Number of genes associated with the 25 general COG functional categories Insights from the genome sequence and comparative genomics Sequencing kinase inhibitor Calcitriol of Liberibacter crescens BT-1 was conducted to learn why this strain can be cultured while the other Liberibacter strains cannot. Also, as BT-1 is not a pathogen of citrus, the BT-1 genome may suggest how Candidatus L. asiaticus causes symptoms on citrus while BT-1 does not. Members of the Liberibacter genus (Candidatus. L. asiaticus, Candidatus L. africanus, and Candidatus. L. americanus) are known to be the causative agent of Huanglongbing (HLB), commonly called citrus greening, and other HLB-like diseases (Candidatus L.
solanacearum) [5-7]. However, some members of the Liberibacter genus are non-pathogenic, Candidatus L. europeaus [8] and L. crescens [11]. Although L. crescens is currently the only member of the Liberibacter genus to be cultured, the sequences of Candidatus L. asiaticus and Candidatus L. solanacearum are available through NCBI. Comparison of gene function and sequence in BT-1 to Candidatus L. asiaticus and Candidatus L. solanacearum provided insight to both the virulence and the fastidious nature of the Liberibacter genus. Additionally, the Liberibacter genus is predicted to be susceptible to bacteriophage insertions, which were also analyzed between the known genomes. Sequence comparison of L. crescens to Ca. L. asiaticus and Ca. L.
solanacearum KEGG orthology and RAST automated annotation were the basis of functional comparison of the genes in L. crescens to the genes in Candidatus L. asiaticus and Candidatus L. solanacearum. Analysis of KEGG orthology uncovered the complete inability of Candidatus L. asiaticus and Candidatus L. solanacearum to synthesize histidine, tryptophan, and thiamine, as well as a severely reduced ability to produce phenylalanine and tyrosine when compared to L. crescens. Candidatus L. asiaticus and Candidatus L. solanacearum both possess 2 out of the 12 enzymes required for phenylalanine and tyrosine biosynthesis. To compensate, all three species possess a general L-amino acid ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter. ABC transporters are known to be associated with nutrient uptake, drug resistance, and virulence [40,41].
Also, Candidatus L. asiaticus and Candidatus L. solanacearum possess a thiamine ABC transporter not found in L. crescens, presumably to compensate for the inability to synthesize thiamine. These deficiencies provide insight into the metabolic requirements of the uncultured Liberibacter species. Cilengitide Furthermore, KEGG orthology and RAST annotation indicate the presence of a zinc ABC transporter in all three species.
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