After each period of nuller presentation (750 ms), a spatial
mask was presented, which was a band-pass spatial frequency filtered noise patch (3°; band-pass frequencies: 1–6 cpd; 23% rms contrast). Once this mask appeared, observers indicated whether or not a grating had been seen. To direct attention toward the competing stimuli (attended condition), we had observers detect orientation changes (10°) that occurred stochastically buy Metformin (0.3 probability of occurrence) to the dominant competitor stimulus (175 ms). To divert attention away from the competing stimuli (unattended condition), we required observers to perform a letter identification task (RSVP task), detecting target letters (“J” or “K”; 1.5° × 1.5°; 0.3 probability of occurrence) within a stream of distractor letters (“X” “L” “V” “H” “B” “A” “C” “F” “Z” “Y” “O” “U” “N” “W” “E”), appearing in the periphery of the inducer eye (3.35° eccentricity) selleckchem every 175 ms. Prior to each block of trials, observers
were told which task to perform throughout the block. In both the Attended and Unattended conditions, the RSVP stream ended, and the fixation point changed color 750 ms prior to the onset of the nuller, providing ample time for observers to prepare for the task in which they would report whether a grating was seen or not. We thank David Heeger, Frank Tong, and the reviewers of this manuscript for valuable comments and discussion. Supported by NIH grants EY13358 and P30-EY008126, and by a grant (R31-10089) from the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology. “
“(Neuron
46, 421–432; May 5, 2005) The figure legend to Figure 2A contained incorrectly calculated SEM values given for disability scores (underlined below). Recalculated SEM values are now given in brackets below. This correction has, however, no impact on statistical analysis and the findings reported in this figure. We apologize to the readers of Neuron for any inconvenience this mistake may have caused. Figure 2. Immunomodulatory Effect and aminophylline Systemic Distribution of Intracisternal DR5:Fc (A) T cells and macrophages/microglia cells were isolated from the brain at the onset of the disease (day 7) (mean disability score ± SEM for DR5:Fc-treated group 2.63 ± 1.31 (correct SEM: 0.47); for Fc-treated control group 0.75 ± 0.38 (correct SEM: 0.32); n = 4 for both groups) and at the time of remission (day 14) (mean disability score ± SEM at the disease peak for DR5:Fc-treated group 1.95 ± 0.81 [n = 5]; for Fc-treated control group 2.92 ± 0.60 [n = 6]). Activation markers determined by FACS analysis are given as means with SEM (open bars, treatment with Fc fragment only; filled bars, treatment with DR5:Fc; ∗p < 0.05, Mann-Whitney U-test).
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