Stimuli not normally reaching threshold may be perceived and normal sensations may be magnified to become dysphoric or painful. Problems of emptying viscera and maintaining continence may occur. Significant musculoskeletal disability may arise as well as abnormalities of the autonomic nervous system. There is an association with systemic disorders. Also, psychological, behavioural, sexual and social problems arise. In the chronic pelvic pain syndromes, treatment of the end organ has a limited role, and multidisciplinary as well as interdisciplinary management is essential. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Objective This study examines associations between caregiving styles and
p53 inhibitor caregivers’ and patients’ attachment orientations among couples facing advanced cancer. Four caregiving styles were examined: proximate, sensitive, controlling, and compulsive. Method A total
of 110 patients with https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ly3039478.html advanced gastrointestinal or lung cancer and their spouse caregivers were recruited. Measures included: the Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory, the Caregiving Questionnaire, and the Demand Subscale from the Caregiving Burden Scale. Results Caregivers reported high levels of proximate and sensitive caregiving and moderate levels of controlling and compulsive caregiving. Hierarchical regressions were conducted to examine the contribution of caregivers’ and patients’ attachment orientations to each caregiving style while controlling for caregiving demands. Both caregiving proximity and sensitive caregiving were negatively associated with caregivers’ avoidant attachment. Controlling caregiving was positively
related to caregivers’ avoidant and anxious attachment orientations. Selleckchem Tipifarnib Compulsive caregiving was positively associated with caregiving demand and caregivers’ attachment anxiety. In addition, compulsive caregiving was positively associated with patients’ attachment avoidance and negatively associated with patients’ attachment anxiety. Conclusions The study demonstrated two clusters of ways to provide care: otheroriented and self-oriented. The study revealed that both patients’ and caregivers’ attachment orientations contributed to caregivers’ patterns of caregiving. Insecure attachment orientations and resulting couple interaction patterns of demand-withdrawal and avoidance-pursuit are potential sources of distress that may benefit from exploration in psychotherapeutic interventions for couples facing advanced cancer. Copyright (c) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.”
“Objective: Impairments in the function of attention exacerbate the course of opiate dependence and may play a role in the relapsing nature of the disorder. This study used clinical measures and positron emission tomography (PET) to assess the functioning of sustained attention in subjects with a history of opiate dependence.
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