The shortest distances between HFN and head of malleus (HM), neck of malleus (NM), short limb of incus (SI), long limb of incus (LI), and stapes (S) were measured respectively
on different MPR images. The data gained were analyzed by statistical method and were also analyzed with respect to side and gender. On average, HFN-HM was 0.6546 cm, HFN-NM was 0.3680 cm, HFN-SI was 0.2731 cm, HFN-LI was 0.2275 cm, and HFN-S was 0.2162 cm. HFN-NM and HFN-SI were longer on the right side than those of the left (P < 0.05). HFN-SI and HFN-LI were longer in males than those of females on the right side (P < 0.05). Otosteon is considered an excellent bone landmark which easily showed on computed tomographic images and can easily be found in facial nerve www.selleckchem.com/products/AZD8931.html decompression. Otosteon could be used to find the location of HFN during surgery. Furthermore, facial nerve localization is the key to facial nerve decompression. Our results may provide more detailed information to predict the location of HFN during facial nerve decompression.”
“Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) has been used for the surgical treatment of morbid Fosbretabulin datasheet obesity as a first or definitive procedure
with satisfactory results. The objective of this study in rats was to establish the effects of SG on weight loss depending on the post-surgical type of diet followed.
Thirty male Wistar rats were fed ad libitum during 3 months on a high-fat diet (HFD) to induce obesity. After this first phase, rats were subdivided in three groups of ten rats Compound C cost each and underwent a sham intervention, an SG, or no surgery but were pair-fed to the amount of food eaten by the animals of the SG group. At this time point, half of the animals in each group continued to be fed on the HFD, while the other half was switched to a normal chow diet (ND). Thus, the following subgroups were established: sham-ND, sleeve-ND, pair-fed-ND as well as sham-HFD, sleeve-HFD, and pair-fed-HFD. Body weight and food
intake were recorded daily for 4 weeks. The feed efficiency rate (FER) was determined from weekly weight gains and caloric consumption during this period.
Statistically significant (P < 0.05) differences in body weight were observed between the six experimental groups after 4 weeks of the interventions with rats in the sleeve-ND group experimenting the highest weight loss (-78.2 +/- 10.3 g) and animals in the pair-fed-HFD group exhibiting the lowest weight reduction (-4.0 +/- 0.1 g). Interestingly, the FER value of rats that underwent the SG and continued to be fed on a HFD was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than that of sham operated and pair-fed animals on the same diet.
The positive effects of SG on weight reduction are observed in obese rats submitted to the intervention and subsequently following an ND or even an HFD.”
“Aim:
To clarify the cause of maternal deaths, an autopsy is essential. However, there has been no systemic analysis of maternal death in Japan based on autopsy cases.
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