After 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 d, cells were stained with Selumetinib ic50 20 ml MTT (5 mg/ml) (Sigma, St Louis, MO, USA) at 37°C for 4 h and subsequently made soluble in 150 ml of DMSO. Absorbance was measured at 490 nm using a microtiter plate reader. Cell growth curves were calculated as mean values of triplicates per group. Flow cytometry Cells were collected and washed with PBS, then centrifuged at 800 r/min and fixed with 70% cold ethanol kept at 4°C overnight. Cells were permeabilized in reagent consisting of 0.5% Triton X-100, 230 μg/ml RNase A and 50 μg/ml propidium iodide in PBS. Samples were kept at
37°C for 30 min, followed by flow cytometry analysis (Becton Dickinson FACScan). Real-time PCR Total RNA was extracted from cultured cells using Trizol reagent (Invitrogen, USA) for reverse transcription. RNA were synthesized to cDNA using Superscript First-CP673451 research buy strand Synthesis Kit (Promega, USA) following the manufacturer’s protocols. Quantitative real-time
polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays were carried out using SYBR Green Real-Time PCR Master Mix (Toyobo, Osaka, Japan) and RT-PCR amplification equipment using specific primers: COX-2, sense strand 5′-CCCTTGGGTGTCAAAGGTAAA-3′, antisense strand 5′-AAACTGATGCGTGAAGTGCTG-3′, COX-1, sense strand 5′-ATGCCACGCTCTGGCTACGTG-3′, antisense strand 5′-CTGGGAGCCCACCTTGAAGGAGT-3′, β-actin, sense SBE-��-CD clinical trial strand 5′-GCGAGCACAGAGCCTCGCCTTTG-3′, antisense strand 5′-GATGCCGTGCTCGATGGGGTAC-3′, VEGFA sense strand 5′-CGTGTACGTTGGTGCCCGCT-3′, antisense strand 5′-TCCTTCCTCCTGCCCGGCTC-3′,
VEGFB sense strand 5′-CCCAGCTGCGTGACTGTGCA-3′, antisense strand 5′-TCAGCTGGGGAGGGTGCTCC-3′, VEGFC sense strand 5′-TGTTCTCTGCTCGCCGCTGC-3′, antisense strand 5′-TGCATAAGCCGTGGCCTCGC-3′, EGF sense strand 5′-TGCTCCTGTGGGATGCAGCA-3′, antisense strand 5′-GGGGGTGGAGTAGAGTCAAGACAGT-3′, bFGF sense strand 5′-CCCCAGAAAACCCGAGCGAGT-3′, antisense strand 5′-GGGCACCGCGTCCGCTAATC-3′, The expression of interest genes were determined by normalization of the threshold cycle (Ct) of these genes to that of the control β-actin. Western blotting Cells were lysed in RIPA buffer (150 mM NaCl, 100 mM Tris-HCl, 1% Tween-20, 1% sodium deoxycholate Vitamin B12 and 0.1% SDS) with 0.5 mM EDTA, 1 mM PMSF, 10 μg/ml aprotinin and 1 μg/ml pepstatin. Proteins were resolved in SDS-PAGE and transferred to PVDF membranes, which were probed with appropriate antibodies, The immunoreactive protein complexes were detected by enhanced chemiluminescence (Amersham Bioscience, Boston, MA). The specific antibody used: anti-COX-2 antibody (Cell Signaling, #4842, 1 μg/ml), anti-VEGFA antibody (Abcam, ab51745, 0.1 μg/ml), anti-VEGFB antibody (Cell Signaling, #2463, 1 μg/ml), anti-VEGFC antibody (Cell Signaling, #2445, 1 μg/ml), anti-EGF antibody (Cell Signaling, #2963, 1 μg/ml), anti-bFGF antibody (Cell Signaling, #8910, 1 μg/ml), anti-β-actin antibody (Cell Signaling, #4970, 1 μg/ml).
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