Aim: The objective of this study is to assess NNT, numbers needed to treat to harm and corresponding confidence intervals for radical prostatectomy (RP) in patients with Quizartinib price prostate cancer defined as a PSAV <= 2 ng/ml/year.
Methods: NNT following RP were estimated in risk groups defined by PSAV using mortality statistics and hazard ratios obtained in a noncontrolled trial. As no suited control group and no appropriate randomized trials were available for doing this calculation and as such trials are unlikely to become available in the near future we have calculated our NNTs as published previously by using relative risk reduction from an earlier randomized trial (RCT) comparing RP with watchful waiting (WW) [Can J Urol GSK461364 concentration 2006;13(suppl 1):48-55]. Results: For preoperative PSAV >2 ng/ml/year, NNT for RP were estimated at 25, whereas for preoperative PSAV <= 2 ng/ml/year, the estimate was 618. The lower 95% confidence limits (NNTBI) were 9 and 126, respectively (treatment with benefit). The implications emerging from these findings are discussed by comparison with published NNT values from other RCTs. The lower 95% confidence limit for preoperative PSAV <= 2 ng/ml/year was found to be large in comparison. Conclusion: The NNT estimate obtained here for PSAV >2 ng/ml/year and its lower 95% confidence interval is comparable to values in other studies on prostate cancer for therapies
considered to be effective, while the estimated NNT for patients with PSAV <= 2 ng/ml/year is large in comparison. We conclude that the benefits of RP for localized prostate cancer with preoperative PSAV 5 2 ng/ml/year may be considered small. There are several limitations to our findings, the most important of which lies in the fact that while PSAV remains significantly associated with
outcomes, the predictive value of PSA measurements is low. While PSAV >2 ng/ml/year clearly indicates a need for surgery, a PSAV <= 2 ng/ml/year should imply further decision making. Copyright (c) 2012 S. Karger buy Z-VAD-FMK AG, Basel”
“Background: The median age at thelarche in Thai girls has decreased from 10.3 to 9.4 years over the last 20 years. An age at thelarche of 7.0-9.0 years, which is earlier than in the general population, is considered as early puberty.
Objective: To study the pattern of pubertal development in Thai girls with early puberty.
Study design: A total of 104 girls with breast development at 7.0-9.0 years who attended Songklanagarind Hospital between 2003 and 2005 were followed up until they attained their near-final height (NFH).
Results: The mean age at initial evaluation was 8.5 +/- 1.0 years. The average age at menarche and on attaining NFH was 10.2 +/- 0.9 and 12.6 +/- 0.4 years, respectively. The average NFH was 154.0 +/- 4.9 cm, which was similar to the target height of 153.1 +/- 4.8 cm. Comparison of girls who were normal weight and obese (weight-for-height > 120 %) revealed that the latter had an earlier age at menarche (9.
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