As a result, we predict that rich
females change sex at a larger size than poor ones, since a rich fish can achieve high reproductive success as a female. In some situations, richer females no longer change sex (i.e. lifelong females), and poorer fish changes sex just after maturation (i.e. primary males). We also analyzed the effect of size-specific growth and mortality. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. BI 2536 price All rights reserved.”
“Plant membranes bear a variety of transporters belonging to multigene families that are affected by environmental and nutritional conditions. In addition, they often display high-sequence identity, making difficult in-depth investigation by current shot-gun strategies. In this study, we set up a targeted proteomics approach aimed at identifying Navitoclax price and quantifying within single experiments the five major proton pumps of the autoinhibited H(+)ATPases (AHA) family, the 13 plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIP) water channels (PIPs), and ten members of ammonium transporters (AMTs) and nitrate transporter (NRT) families. Proteotypic
peptides were selected and isotopically labeled heavy versions were used for technical optimization and for quantification of the corresponding light version in biological samples. This approach allowed to quantify simultaneously nine PIPs in leaf membranes and 13 PIPs together with three autoinhibited H(+)ATPases, two ammonium transporters, and two NRTs in root membranes. Similarly, it was used to investigate the effect of a salt stress on the expression of these latter 20 transporters in roots. These novel isoform-specific data were OSBPL9 compared with published transcriptome information and revealed a close correlation
between PIP isoforms and transcripts levels. The obtained resource is reusable and can be expanded to other transporter families for large-scale profiling of membrane transporters.”
“In this study, the normalized k-word average interval distance is proposed to extract phylogenetic information from DNA sequences. The phylogenetic trees of 30 mammalian species based on Euclidean distance measure are reconstructed with k ranging from 2 to 9. Comparison of our results with other methods shows that our method is efficient and powerful for phylogenetic analysis. In addition, for a fixed k, 4(k) distinct k-words are divided into n classes based on a new proposed indicator, where n is the number of DNA sequences. The effect of each k-word class on phylogeny is discussed. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Xylem plays a major role in plant development and is considered part of the apoplast. Here, we studied the proteome of Brassica oleracea cv Bartolo and compared it to the plant cell wall proteome of another Brassicaceae, the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. B. oleracea was chosen because it is technically difficult to harvest enough A. thaliana xylem sap for proteomic analysis.
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