e , caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, red nucleus, and s

e., caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, red nucleus, and substantia nigra) in the older than in the young group. The two QSM methods appeared more sensitive

in detecting age differences in brain stem structures as they revealed differences of much higher statistical significance between the young and elderly groups than did FDRI. However, QSM values are influenced by factors such as the myelin content, whereas FDRI is a more specific indicator of iron content. Hence, FDRI demonstrated higher specificity selleckchem to iron yet yielded noisier data despite longer scan times and lower spatial resolution than QSM. The robustness, practicality, and demonstrated ability of predicting the change in iron deposition in adult aging suggest that regularized QSM algorithms using single-field-strength data are possible alternatives to tissue iron estimation requiring two field strengths. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“Objective: To determine the frequency of patients leaving against medical advice (LAMA) in an inpatient psychiatric facility in Rawalpindi, Pakistan.\n\nStudy Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study.\n\nPlace and Duration of Study: Institute of Psychiatry,

Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi, from August 2010 to February 2011.\n\nMethodology: Patients who got admitted during study period irrespective Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Library solubility dmso of duration of illness and mode of admission were recruited through non-probability consecutive sampling and followed till discharge to determine their mode of leaving hospital. A thirteen-item proforma was developed

and information was obtained on demographic, socioeconomic, patient related and disease related variables. Descriptive statistics were calculated on SPSS 14.\n\nResults: The total number (n) of participants was 246. Among the participants, Bak apoptosis 96 (39%) left against medical advice (LAMA) whereas 150 (61%) left on regular discharge on physician’s advice. Frequency of patients who left against medical advice was found to be more in males (63.5%), younger age groups (21 – 30 years), lesser educated (more than half were under matric) and with the ICD-10 diagnosis of substance abuse (23.9%). About half of patients who LAMA had a prior history of psychiatric illness and a significant number (37.5%) had a history of previous psychiatric admission.\n\nConclusion: Leaving against medical advice is a frequent problem in psychiatric inpatients and is a matter of great concern for the treating doctors.”
“In conjunction with radiotherapy, the concurrent use of systemic chemotherapy has been proven to improve treatment outcome and thus have been incorporated into the treatment paradigm for patients with loco-regionally advanced Nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The benefits from the use of chemotherapy in stage II disease remain controversial.

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