For example, miR-208, miR-9, let-7a, 7b, and miR-22* were found to be up-regulated in transformed IEC-6 cells, whereas miR-539, miR-181d, and miR-146a were down-regulated. selleckchem Additionally,

the expressions of five miRPlus were also altered in transformed IEC-6 cells, although their identities have not been fully confirmed. The results on miRNAs displaying more or less than twofold in transformed IEC-6 cells compared to its normal controls were summarized in Table 5. Table 5 Fold change in microRNAs in IEC-6 cells after transformation. miRNA Localization Normal Transformed Ratio miRPlus_17843 NDa 103.8 45.7 0.44 miRPlus_17858 NDa 109.5 41.5 0.38 miRPlus_17896 NDa 10457.5 27921.5 2.67 miRPlus_30317 NDa 137.5 782.4 5.69 miRPlus_30908

NDa 8473.3 19149.7 2.26 rno-let-7a Intergenic, 17p14 10423.0 24709.6 2.37 rno-let-7b Intergenic, 7q34 13462.8 42003.9 3.12 rno-miR-208 Intron, 15p13 11755.5 38910.7 3.31 rno-miR-9 Intergenic, 2q34 PF299804 in vivo 10761.0 28839.5 2.68 rno-miR-22* Intergenic, 10q24 3401.3 8333.2 2.45 rno-miR-194 Intron, 13q26 1083.5 2405.4 2.22 rno-miR-126 Intron, 3p13 2880.7 6049.5 2.10 rno-miR-185 Intron, 11q23 34540.0 70461.6 2.04 rno-miR-217 Intergenic, 14q22 359.7 748.2 2.08 rno-miR-184 Intron, 8q31 23366.7 48656.7 2.08 rno-miR-146a Intergenic, 10q21 130.5 57.4 0.44 rno-miR-292-5p Intergenic, 1q12 107.5 41.9 0.39 rno-miR-30e Intron, 5q36 115.8 55.6 0.48 rno-miR-539 Intergenic, 6q32 141.8 68.1 0.48 rno-miR-181d Intergenic, 19q11 489.3 Fenbendazole 225.1 0.46 a: not determined. To validate the data of microarray, we partially assessed the expression of two miRNAs gene by real-time RT-PCR, using the same RNA samples that were applied to the microarrays. We were interested in those miRNAs, which gave strong hybridization signals, and were up-regulated

in transformed cells. So the expression of miR208 and miR22* was chosen to be validated. As shown in Fig. 3, we found strong correlation between microarray profiling and real-time RT-PCR data. This implied that the data obtained from microarray analysis were partially reliable at least. Figure 3 Comparison of data obtained by real-time PCR and microarray analysis in transformed and normal IEC-6 cells. Using the U6 gene as a reference gene, 2 selected miRNA genes were assessed for expression by Real-time PCR. Corresponding values obtained by microarray analysis were SB203580 presented for comparison. Changes of acetylation status of histone H3 It has been reported that aberrant acetylation of histone was involved in transformation and tumorigenesis. As large mount of genes and miRNAs were differential expressed in transformed IEC-6 cells, we wondered whether acetylation status of histone was also changed. Total proteins of normal and MNNG/PMA treated IEC-6 cells were isolated and detected by western blot with specific antibody against acetylated histone H3.

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