In the present study, we conducted DNA microarray analysis of maj

In the present study, we conducted DNA microarray analysis of major depression using postmortem prefrontal cortices. The gene expression patterns were compared between the controls and subjects with major depression. As a result, 99 genes were listed as the differentially expressed genes

in major depression, of which several genes such as FGFR1, NCAM1, and CAMK2A were of interest. Gene ontology analysis suggested an overrepresentation of genes selleck inhibitor implicated in the downregulation or inhibition of cell proliferation. The present results may support the hypothesis that major depression is associated with impaired cellular proliferation and plasticity. Comparison between the controls and suicide victims

with major depression, bipolar disorder, or schizophrenia was also conducted in the present study. Two genes, CAD and ATP1A3, were differentially expressed in the three comparisons in the same direction. Interestingly, these two genes were also included in the differentially expressed 99 genes in major depression. It may be worth investigating the genes in relation to suicide or major depression. Torin 1 nmr (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd and the Japan Neuroscience Society.”
“Interventions to reduce the morbidity and mortality of preterm birth can be primary (directed to all women), secondary (aimed at eliminating or reducing existing risk), or tertiary (intended to improve outcomes for preterm

infants). Most efforts so far have been tertiary interventions, such Glycogen branching enzyme as regionalised care, and treatment with antenatal corticosteroids, tocolytic agents, and antibiotics. These measures have reduced perinatal morbidity and mortality; but the incidence of preterm birth is increasing. Advances in primary and secondary care, following strategies used for other complex health problems, such as cervical cancer, will be needed to prevent prematurity-related illness in infants and children.”
“The mammalian pineal gland is an important component of the circadian system. In the present study, we examined the expression of roughly 8000 genes in the rat pineal gland as a function of time of day under light-dark (LD) cycles and in constant dark (DD) using oligo DNA microarray technique. We identified 47 and 13 genes that showed higher levels at night and day, respectively, under LD. The same patterns of expression were also observed in DD. About half of the genes that peaked at night have a known biological function, i.e., transcription factors and proteins that are involved in signaling cascades, whereas 14 are expressed sequence tags and 8 have an unknown biological function. Twelve of the genes that were up-regulated at night were also up-regulated after I h NE stimulation, thus suggesting that the expression of these genes is controlled by adrenergic mechanisms.

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