1930. = Penicillium botryosum Bat. & H. Maia, Anais Soc. Biol. Pernambuco 15(1): 157. 1957. Type: IMI 92196iiNT (P. citrinum and P. aurifluum); other ex-type: CBS 139.45 = Biourge 53 = Thom 4733.14 = ATCC 1109 = ATCC 36382 = CECT 2269 = FRR 1841 = IMI 091961 = IMI 092196 = LSHB
P25 = LSHB P6 = LSHB Ad95 = MUCL 29781 = NRRL 1841 = NRRL 1842. Description: Colony diameter, 7 days, CCI-779 mw in mm: CYA 27–33; CYA30°C 27–40; CYA37°C 2–12; MEA 18–25; YES 29–37; CYAS 29–36; creatine agar 10–19, poor growth, no or weak acid production. Moderate sporulation on CYA with grey green or blueish grey green conidia, occasionally with small clear or pale yellow exudate see more droplets, reverse brownish-yellow, diffusible pigments yellow. Moderate to good sporulation on YES, conidial color variable: grey green to dark green, reverse yellow to orange yellow and strong yellow soluble pigment production. Colonies on MEA grey green with a strong blue element, velvety, occasionally with small pale yellow exudate droplets. No reaction with Selleck AZD6738 Ehrlich test. Conidiophores arising from mycelium mat, predominant symmetrically biverticillate, terverticillate structures abundantly produced in fresh isolates; stipes smooth, width 2.0–3.0µm; metulae in whorls of 3–4(−6), \( 12 – 16 \times 2.0 – 2.7\mu \hboxm \); phialides ampulliform, \( 7.5 – 10 \times 2.0 – 2.5\mu \hboxm \); conidia smooth walled,
globose to subglobose, \( 2.0 – 2.5 \times
1.8 – 2.5\mu \hboxm \). Diagnostic features: Restricted growth on CYA37°C (2–12 mm), yellow reverse on CYA, globose, smooth walled conidia. Extrolites: Citrinin, quinolactacins, citrinadins, several anthraquinones, the uncharacterized extrolites, tentatively named “CITY” and “shamix”. Distribution and ecology: Worldwide occurrence: predominant in (sub)tropical soils, but also isolated from indoor air, food and as an endophyte of root, stem and leaves of coffee plants (Posada et al. 2007) and roots of Ixeris repens (Khan et al. 2008; identity based on ITS sequences deposited on GenBank). Notes: Thom (1910) did not Hydroxychloroquine cell line designate a type, but a subculture from his original strain was sent, via Kral, to Biourge. Biourge believed that this strain was contaminated and a culture derived from this strain was described as P. aurifluum. Later, P. aurifluum was sent to Thom and he recognized it as P. citrinum and therefore this strain is accepted to be derived from the original isolate (Pitt 1979). Raper and Thom (1949) mentioned that their concept of P. citrinum is broad in scope and included forms which vary substantially in particular characteristics. It was noted that 75% of the strains fully comply with their species description, and for the remaining strains, six groups were introduced. Representatives of the first group are NRRL 1171 and NRRL 2143 and re-identification of these strains proved to be P. citrinum (Malmstrøm et al. 2000).
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